Anxiety
A recent study out of Haifa, Israel, suggests that cannabis can help improve sleep in adults suffering
from post-traumatic stress (PTSD), a psychiatric health response to a traumatic event.
This is not a small thing – especially for those who are miserable every night of their lives.
The use of cannabis prior to bedtime is associated with
perceived improvements in sleep in subjects diagnosed with
post-traumatic stress disorder, according to data published in
the Journal of Anxiety Disorders.
“Israeli researchers assessed the impact of cannabis on sleep
in a cohort of 77 PTSD patients,” reported the National
Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws (NORML)
recently. Participants in the study, titled Post-Traumatic Stress
Disorder, Sleep, And Medical Cannabis Treatment: A Daily Diary
Study, kept a daily journal in which they recorded numerous
sleep measures each morning.
“Investigators acknowledged that the use of cannabis was
associated with self-reported improvements in sleep onset
and a reduction in the frequency of nightmares. Subjects who
consumed products higher in CBD were less likely to report
early awakenings,” the group noted.
“Our data suggest that MC (medical cannabis) may help reduce
nightmares and (that) CBD in particular may be important for
preventing early awakenings,” the investigators wrote. “This
provides a strong basis for further hypotheses testing, potentially
through clinical trials, of the sleep-inducing effects of MC and
for testing CBD in particular.”
The authors concluded that “Given the high comorbidity of
PTSD symptoms and sleep disturbances and the potential for
MC to have effects on both, a greater understanding of how
patients experience the effects of MC on overall PTSD symptoms
and sleep disturbances is warranted.”
Prior studies, NORML pointed out, have similarly reported
that cannabis products may be associated with improved sleep
duration and improvements in insomnia. “The enactment of
adult-use marijuana legalization has also been correlated with a
decrease in the sale of over-the-counter sleep aid medications.”
Turning to cannabis for help in relieving PTSD is not new. The
National Center for Biotechnology Information pointed out in
2019 that “in addition to potentially reducing PTSD symptoms,
cannabis also mitigates the propensity for inflammation and
may be useful in psychological conditions that involve elevated
inflammatory processes within the brain. This would include
a subset of depressed individuals in whom inflammation may
be a component of the illness and may contribute to threat
processing linked to PTSD in trauma survivors.”
In fact, the Center added, “anti-inflammatory agents can
diminish PTSD features… Thus, cannabinoids could potentially
act against PTSD by activation of cannabinoid receptor type
2 (CB2) receptors, which promote anti-inflammatory actions
involving microglia.
Education
Washington, DC-based NORML, the oldest and largest
marijuana legalization organization in the country, has long
made the case that cannabis offers too many health benefits
for it to continue to be ignored, vilified and banned, and its
users punished. It has also worked to educate legislators and
the public on cannabis’ benefits when it comes to helping those
suffering from PTSD. As the organization makes clear on its web
site, norml.org:
“Symptoms of post-traumatic stress may include flashbacks,
nightmares, and severe anxiety, as well as uncontrollable
thoughts about the event. These symptoms may persist long after
the triggering event and may be unresponsive to conventional
therapeutic treatments. An estimated one in 10 Americans
suffers from post-traumatic stress.
“Those diagnosed with PTSD report using cannabis at rates
far greater than the general population. U.S. military veterans,
who often suffer from symptoms of post-traumatic stress,
similarly report elevated rates of cannabis use compared to the
overall population. According to survey data compiled by the
American Legion, 22% of veterans acknowledge that they “use
cannabis to treat a mental or physical condition” and 39 percent
of respondents “know a veteran” who is using it therapeutically.
“A growing number of scientists believe that the endogenous
cannabinoid system plays a “critical role … in the etiology of
PTSD in humans.” Researchers have theorized, “Cannabis
may dampen the strength or emotional impact of traumatic
memories through synergistic mechanisms that might make
it easier for people with PTSD to rest or sleep and to feel less
anxious and less involved with flashback memories. … Evidence
is increasingly accumulating that cannabinoids might play a role
in fear extinction and anti-depressive effects.”
“Studies show that cannabinoid administration can facilitate
fear extinction memory recall in both animals and in humans.
Specifically, the administration of nabilone, a synthetic
cannabinoid, has been documented to safely mitigate various
symptoms of post-traumatic stress, including insomnia,
chronic pain, and treatment-resistant nightmares. Similarly, the
adjunctive administration of orally absorbable THC has been
shown to ‘cause a statistically significant improvement in global
symptom severity, sleep quality, frequency of nightmares, and
PTSD hyperarousal symptoms’ in a cohort of 10 subjects.